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Original Article
Nephrology (Genitourinary)
Variation in clinical usefulness of biomarkers of acute kidney injury in young children undergoing cardiac surgery
Hee Sun Baek, Youngok Lee, Hea Min Jang, Joonyong Cho, Myung Chul Hyun, Yeo Hyang Kim, Su-Kyeong Hwang, Min Hyun Cho
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2020;63(4):151-156.   Published online February 5, 2020
Question: Can clinical usefulness of biomarkers of acute kidney injury vary on the clinical circumstances?
Finding: In young children undergoing cardiac surgery, urine KIM-1/Cr level peaked at 24 hours with significant difference from baseline level and was significantly higher at 6 hours in the AKI group. However, urine NGAL/Cr and IL-18/Cr levels showed no specific trend with time for 48 hours after cardiac surgery.
Meaning: Urine KIM-1/Cr concentration could be considered a good biomarker for early AKI prediction after open cardiac surgery in young children.
Cardiology
Importance of pulmonary valve morphology for pulmonary valve preservation in tetralogy of Fallot surgery: comparison of the echocardiographic parameters
Su Jin Choi, Jung Eun Kwon, Da Eun Roh, Myung Chul Hyun, Hanna Jung, Young Ok Lee, Joon Yong Cho, Yeo Hyang Kim
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2020;63(5):189-194.   Published online November 8, 2019
Question: Is echocardiographic examination is useful for surgical method decision in patients with tetralogy of Fallot (TOF)?
Finding: Various echocardiographic parameters serve as predictors for determining surgical methods for TOF patients. However, the PV morphology and tissue characteristics should also be considered.
Meaning: A full dependence on the size of the pulmonary valve annulus (PVA), the z score, and the ratio of the size of PVA to aortic valve annulus or descending aorta surgery may result in inadequate surgical results during TOF total correction.
Radiofrequency catheter ablation of atrioventricular nodal reentry tachycardia in children and adolescents: a single center experience
Myung Chul Hyun
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2017;60(12):390-394.   Published online December 22, 2017
Purpose

Atrioventricular nodal reentry tachycardia (AVNRT) is less common in pediatric patients than in adult patients. Thus, data for pediatric AVNRT patients are insufficient. Hence, we aimed to analyze the patient characteristics, treatment, and any recurrences in pediatric AVNRT patients.

Methods

We reviewed the records of 50 pediatric AVNRT patients who had undergone radiofrequency catheter ablation (RFCA) between January 1998 and December 2016...

Comparison between Kawasaki disease with lymph-node-first presentation and Kawasaki disease without cervical lymphadenopathy
Jung Ok Kim, Yeo Hyang Kim, Myung Chul Hyun
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2016;59(2):54-58.   Published online February 29, 2016
Purpose

We evaluated the characteristics of patients with Kawasaki disease (KD) who presented with only fever and cervical lymphadenopathy on admission, and compared them with the characteristics of those who presented with typical features but no cervical lymphadenopathy.

Methods

We enrolled 98 patients diagnosed with KD. Thirteen patients had only fever and cervical lymphadenopathy on the day of admission (group 1), 31 had...

Sensorineural hearing loss in patients with Kawasaki disease
Sun Young Park, Young Hyun Kim, Yeo Hyang Kim, Myung Chul Hyun, Young Hwan Lee
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2015;58(11):434-439.   Published online November 22, 2015
Purpose

Kawasaki disease involves acute febrile systemic vasculitis that can cause a variety of symptoms by affecting various organs. Here, we aimed to evaluate the prevalence, causes, and prognosis of sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) occurring in children with Kawasaki disease.

Methods

Patients who were diagnosed with Kawasaki disease and received inpatient treatment in the Pediatrics Department at one of three university hospitals in...

Outcome of inflammatory response after normothermia during cardiopulmonary bypass surgery in infants with isolated ventricular septal defect
Dong Sub Kim, Sang In Lee, Sang Bum Lee, Myung Chul Hyun, Joon Yong Cho, Young Ok Lee
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2014;57(5):222-225.   Published online May 31, 2014
Purpose

A recent study analyzing several cytokines reported that long cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) time and long aortic cross clamp (ACC) time were accompanied by enhanced postoperative inflammation, which contrasted with the modest influence of the degree of hypothermia. In this present study, we aimed to examine the effect of CPB temperature on the clinical outcome in infants undergoing repair of isolated...

Predictors of nonresponse to intravenous immunoglobulin therapy in Kawasaki disease
Hyo Min Park, Dong Won Lee, Myung Chul Hyun, Sang Bum Lee
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2013;56(2):75-79.   Published online February 25, 2013
Purpose

It has been reported that 10% to 20% of children with Kawasaki disease (KD) will not respond to intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) treatment. In this study, we aimed to identify useful predictors of therapeutic failure in children with KD.

Methods

We examined 309 children diagnosed with KD at the Kyungpook National University Hospital and the Inje University Busan Paik Hospital between January 2005...

Clinical features and surgical outcomes of complete transposition of the great arteries
Suk Jin Hong, Hee Joung Choi, Yeo Hyang Kim, Myung Chul Hyun, Sang Bum Lee, Joon Yong Cho
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2012;55(10):377-382.   Published online October 29, 2012
Purpose

This single-center study aimed to assess the clinical features and surgical approaches and outcomes of complete transposition of the great arteries (TGA).

Methods

TGA patients who had undergone surgical correction at the Kyungpook National University Hospital from January 2000 to December 2010, were retrospectively evaluated for patient characteristics, clinical manifestation, preoperative management, intraoperative findings, postoperative progress, and follow-up status.

Results

Twenty-eight patients (17 boys...

Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome in young people, from childhood to young adulthood: relationships between age and clinical and electrophysiological findings
Hae Jung Jung, Hwang Young Ju, Myung Chul Hyun, Sang Bum Lee, Yeo Hyang Kim
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2011;54(12):507-511.   Published online December 31, 2011
Purpose

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the characteristics of electrophysiologic studies (EPS) and radiofrequency ablation (RFA) performed in subjects aged less than 30 years with Wolff-Parkinson-White (WPW) syndrome, particularly pediatric patients under 18 years of age, based on our experience.

Methods

Two hundred and one consecutive patients with WPW syndrome were recruited and divided to 3 groups according to...

Case Report
Secondary renal amyloidosis in a 13-year-old girl with bronchiectasis
Eun Ae Yang, Dong Won Lee, Myung Chul Hyun, Min Hyun Cho
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2010;53(7):770-773.   Published online July 31, 2010

A 13-year-old girl was diagnosed with non-cystic fibrosis (CF)-related multifocal bronchiectasis accompanied by nephrotic-range proteinuria of unknown cause. On renal biopsy, there were many segmental homogeneous deposits of amyloid tissue with positive Congo red staining in the glomeruli and interstitium. On electron microscopy, relatively straight, non-branching, randomly arranged amyloid fibrils were showed in the mesangium of the glomeruli. These fibrils...

Original Article
Early postoperative arrhythmias after open heart surgery of pediatric congenital heart diseas
Hee Joung Choi, Yeo Hyang Kim, Joon Yong Cho, Myung Chul Hyun, Sang Bum Lee, Kyu Tae Kim
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2010;53(4):532-537.   Published online April 15, 2010
Purpose : Early postoperative arrhythmias are a major cause of mortality and morbidity after open heart surgery in the pediatric population. We evaluated the incidence and risk factors of early postoperative arrhythmias after surgery of congenital heart disease. Methods : From January 2002 to December 2008, we retrospectively reviewed the medical records of the 561 patients who underwent cardiac surgery in Kyungpook National University...
NT-proBNP as a useful tool in diagnosing incomplete Kawasaki disease
Dong Won Lee, Yeo Hyang Kim, Myung Chul Hyun, Tae Chan Kwon, Sang Bum Lee
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2010;53(4):519-524.   Published online April 15, 2010
Purpose : To determine the efficacy of the N-terminal fragment of B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) as a useful diagnostic method in children with incomplete Kawasaki disease (KD). Methods : Ninety-six patients who were diagnosed as having KD between January 2008 and June 2009 were enrolled in the study. American Heart Association recommendations for diagnosis were used, and patients were divided into...
The changes in signal-averaged electrocardiogram after surgical correction of congenital heart disease
Yeo Hyang Kim, Hee Jung Choi, Gun Jik Kim, Joon Yong Cho, Myung Chul Hyun, Sang Bum Lee
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2009;52(12):1364-1369.   Published online December 15, 2009
Purpose : To analyze abnormal ventricular activation in childhood congenital heart disease induced by postoperative changes in ventricular volume and pressure and ventricular scar formation using signal-averaged electrocardiography (SAECG). Methods : Fifty-two patients who had undergone open heart surgery (OHS) were enrolled. Patients were divided into the following 3 groups: right ventricular volume overload (atrial septal defect, group1), left ventricular...
Case Report
Plastic bronchitis in children: 2 cases
Yeo Hyang Kim, Hee Jung Choi, Jung Ok Kim, Myung Chul Hyun
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2009;52(7):832-836.   Published online July 15, 2009
Plastic bronchitis is a rare disorder characterized by the formation of extensive, obstructing endobronchial casts. It is associated with asthma and complex cardiac defects such as those requiring the Fontan procedure. The treatment of plastic bronchitis comprises conventional therapy involving spontaneous expectoration and bronchoscopic removal and specific therapy with several new drugs. Herein, we describe the cases of 2 patients...
Original Article
Clinical features and results of recent total anomalous pulmonary venous connection : Experience in a university hospital (Clinical study of total anomalous pulmonary venous connection)
Mi Ae Chu, Byung Ho Choi, Hee Joung Choi, Yeo Hyang Kim, Joon Yong Cho, Myung Chul Hyun, Sang Bum Lee
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2009;52(2):194-198.   Published online February 15, 2009
Purpose : Active perioperative intervention and improvement on surgical technique has decreased the mortality rate of total anomalous pulmonary venous connection (TAPVC); however, when complicated with pulmonary venous obstruction, operative mortality is still high. The purpose of this study was to investigate the clinical course of TAPVC. Methods : Twenty-seven patients who were diagnosed with TAPVC (without other complex heart...
Clinical features and results of recent neonatal cardiac surgery - A review of 82 cases in one hospital
Ki Won Oh, Jung Ok Kim, Joon Yong Cho, Myung Chul Hyun, Sang Bum Lee
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2007;50(7):665-671.   Published online July 15, 2007
Purpose : The purpose of this study was to investigate the clinical features and outcome in newborns undergoing cardiac surgery. Methods : Eighty two neonates underwent heart surgery for congenital heart defect at Kyungpook National University Hospital between March 2000 and February 2006. Patient characteristics (sex, age, diagnosis), pre-operative conditions, operation type, postoperative complications and mortality were reviewed retrospectively. Results : In...
Clinical features and surgical results of ruptured sinus of valsalva aneurysm
Tae Ho Lee, Dong Won Lee, Joon Yong Cho, Myung Chul Hyun, Sang Bum Lee
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2006;49(3):287-291.   Published online March 15, 2006
Purpose : Aneurysms of sinus valsalva are rare anormalies thought to be primarily congenital in origin, progressing into death by acute heart failure in cases of rupture. Surgical correction is the only method of treatment. With these clinical implications, we reviewed the clinical characteristics and surgical results of patients with ruptured sinus of valsalva aneurysm. Methods : Between January 1991...
Quantitative Assessment of Myocardial Tissue Velocity in Normal Children with Doppler Tissue Imaging : Reference Values, Growth and Heart Rate Related Change
Se Young Kim, Myung Chul Hyun, Sang Bum Lee
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2005;48(8):846-856.   Published online August 15, 2005
Purpose : To measure the peak myocardial tissue velocities and patterns of longitudinal motion of atrioventricular(AV) annuli and assess body weight and heart rates-related changes in normal children. Methods : Using pulsed wave Tissue Doppler Imaging(TDI), we measurpeak systolic, early and late diastolic myocardial velocities in 72 normal children at six different sites in apical-4 chamber (A4C) view and at...
Usefulness of Intraoperative Transesophageal Echocardiography
Dong Won Lee, Byung Mok Kim, Sei Young Kim, Yeo Hyang Kim, Myung Chul Hyun, Sang Bum Lee
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2004;47(12):1281-1286.   Published online December 15, 2004
Purpose : This study was undertaken to learn the usefulness, cost-effectiveness and safety of intraoperative transesophageal echocardiography(ITEE) during open heart surgery for congenital heart diseases. Methods : The usefulness and safety of ITEE were assessed in 254 patients who underwent open heart surgery for congenital heart diseases from January 1, 2001 to June 30, 2003, with retrospective chart reviews and a...
Hypoxia Induced Expression of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor in Rat Pulmonary Artery Smooth Muscle Cells
Un Seok Nho, Yeo Hyang Kim, Myung Chul Hyun, Sang Bum Lee
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2003;46(2):167-172.   Published online February 15, 2003
5% CO2-95% air atmosphere. The smooth muscle cells were confirmed by immunostaining with smooth muscle myosin and α-smooth muscle actin antibodies. The VEGF gene expression in the hypoxic group was compared with the one in control the group as well as the one in the starved group by RT-PCR and Northern blot hybridization. Results : There was no statistically significant difference...
Serial Changes of Cardiac Troponin I After Pediatric Open Heart Surgery
Yeo Hyang Kim, Myung Chul Hyun, Sang Bum Lee
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2002;45(2):208-213.   Published online February 15, 2002
Purpose : The major cause of cardiac dysfunction, after open heart surgery for congenital heart disease, is perioperative myocardial injury. Cardiac troponin I is found only within the myocardial cell, so it can be used as a biochemical marker of the myocardial injury. We performed this study to evaluate the worth of cardiac troponin I as a biochemical marker reflecting...
Electrophysiologic Study of Cardiac Conduction System in Children
Chae Ok Shin, Myung Chul Hyun
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2001;44(10):1135-1140.   Published online October 15, 2001
Purpose : Pediatric cardiac arrhythmias are increasing but there is no normal values of cardiac electrophysiologic studies(EPS) in Korean children. So we performed cardiac EPS in children undergoing cardiac catheterization for mild congenital heart disease without cyanosis and ECG abnormality. Methods : We studied 24 children(male : 9, female : 15) with mild congenital heart disease(PDA : 10, VSD : 8,...
Clinical Features and ECG Findings of Supraventricular Tachycardia in Pediatric Patients
Chang Hwan Jang, Myung Chul Hyun
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2001;44(9):1012-1018.   Published online September 15, 2001
Purpose : Supraventricular tachycardia(SVT) is the most frequent symptomatic arrhythmia in children. We performed this study to disover the SVT mechanisms, age at SVT onset, symptoms and ECG findings of SVT and effect of adenosine on SVT. Methods : We studied 57 patients(male : 30, female : 27, age : 1 day-15.8 years) who had been admitted or transferred due to SVT from January,...
Serial Changes of CK, CK-MB after Radiofrequency Catheter Ablation in Pediatric Patients
Se Young Kim, Myung Chul Hyun
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2001;44(8):893-898.   Published online August 15, 2001
Purpose : To investigate the degree of myocardial injury incurred by radiofrequency catheter ablation(RFCA), we serially measured CK, CK-MB levels in 24 pediatric paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia patients undergoing RFCA(male : 12, female : 12, mean age : 10.5 years, mean weight : 37.2 kg). Methods : We serially measured blood CK, CK-MB levels, 1 day before RFCA(baseline), 8 hours after...
M-mode Echocardiographic Abnormalities in Infants of Diabetic Mothers
Myung Chul Hyun
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2001;44(8):881-885.   Published online August 15, 2001
Purpose : The purpose of this study was to evaluate M-mode echocardiographic abnormalities in infants of relatively well controlled diabetic mothers and to determine the timing of spontaneous regression. Methods : Echocardiographic study was prospectively carried out in 9 neonates born to diabetic mothers(infants of diabetic mothers, IDM) and 6 newborn infants(control) matched for weight and age. And the study were...
The Effectiveness of Propofol on Pediatric Cardiac Catheterization and Electrophysiologic Study
Woo Saeng Park, Myung Chul Hyun
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2001;44(7):773-777.   Published online July 15, 2001
Purpose : Our purpose was to evaluate the effectiveness of propofol on pediatric cardiac catheterization or radiofrequency catheter ablation. Methods : We measured the serial changes of arterial oxygen saturation, heart rate, systolic and diastolic blood pressure at 4 stages, a baseline(during normal sleep), stage 1(just after loading of propofol 2 mg/kg over 10 minutes), stage 2(10-15 minutes after propofol continuous...
Case Report
Three Cases of Hemolysis After Transcatheter Closure of A Patent Ductus Arteriosus
Sang-Bum Lee, Myung Chul Hyun
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2000;43(10):1399-1403.   Published online October 15, 2000
Severe hemolysis occurred after transcatheter occlusion of a patent ductus arteriosus in 3 patients among 41 patients who underwent transcatheter occlusion of a patent ductus arteriosus. The problems were managed by a standard surgical ligation of the duct, leaving the occlusion device(the Rashkind umbrella and a detachable coil) in situ in one patient, surgical removal of the detachable coil and...
Original Article
Transcatheter Closure of the Patent Ductus Arteriosus
Young A Lee, Myung Chul Hyun, Sang Bum Lee
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2000;43(9):1200-1206.   Published online September 15, 2000
Purpose : Transcatheter closure of the patent ductus arteriosus(PDA) is a well-established, effective therapeutic modality, and many kinds of devices have been used to perform this closure. The aim of this study is to compare the effects of different kinds of devices. Methods : We reviewed retrospectively the charts of 43 patients who were admitted to Kyungpook University Hospital between June...
Morphometric Analysis of the Infundibulum in Tetralogy of Fallot
Su Hee Kwak, Myung Chul Hyun, Sang Bum Lee
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2000;43(9):1187-1191.   Published online September 15, 2000
Purpose : The morphogenic mechanism of tetralogy of Fallot is known to be an antero-superior deviation and hypertrophy of the subpulmonary infundibulum. We performed this study to measure the subpulmonary infundibulum in patients with tetralogy of Fallot and compare those with normal control. Methods : Echocardiographic data and medical reports of 12 patients, with classical tetralogy of Fallot who were diagnosed...
Short-term Result of Radiofrequency Catheter Ablation in Pediatric Patients with Paroxysmal Tachycardia
Hee Suk Jang, Hee Jung Cho, Myung Chul Hyun, Sang Bum Lee, Young Keun Cho, Chang Ho Han
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2000;43(2):203-209.   Published online February 15, 2000
Purpose : To find out the efficacy, safety and early complication of radiofrequency catheter ablation(RFCA) in pediatric patients with paroxysmal tachycardia, we compared short-term results of RFCA in pediatric patients to adult patients. Methods : We studied 25 patients(11 pediatric patients, 14 adult patients), who underwent RFCA due to paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia(PSVT) or idiopathic ventricular tachycardia(VT) from November 1997 to August...
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